New Mexico in the Civil War

New Mexico was still a territory at the time of the War of the Rebellion. No county organizations existed at this time.

Population and Demographics

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Government

Territorial Governors

Governor From Until Party Charles Bent 1846 1847 Appointed James S. Calhoun 1851 1852 Whig William Carr Lane 1852 1853 Whig David Meriwether 1853 1855 Democrat Abraham Rencher 1857 1861 Democrat Henry Connelly 1861 1866 Republican Robert Byington Mitchell 1866 1869 Democratic

Antebellum New Mexico

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Conflict

Much of New Mexico Territory was disputed land early in the war. An early Confederate invading force broke off the southern portion and renamed it "Arizona Territory". Unable to maintain their supply lines, Confederate forces were compelled to return to Texas and Union forces recaptured the territory. For simplicity, only those operations originally listed in Dyer under New Mexico are listed here - further research is needed as to where specific operations took place. See also the Arizona in the Civil War homepage.

IN BRIEF

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1861

• EARLY OPERATIONS IN NEW MEXICO/ARIZONA TERRITORY
  • July 23, 1861 - Abandonment of Fort Buchanan, New Mexico Territory
  • July 25, 1861 - Skirmish at Mesilla, New Mexico Territory
  • July 26, 1861 - Abandonment of Fort Fillmore, New Mexico Territory
  • July 27, 1861 - Surrender at San Augustine Springs, New Mexico Territory
  • August 2, 1861 - Abandonment of Fort Stanton, New Mexico Territory
  • August 23, 1861 - Abandonment of Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory
  • August 25-September 8, 1861 - Operations about Fort Stanton, New Mexico Territory
  • September 25, 1861 - Skirmish at Canada Alamosa, New Mexico Territory
  • September 26, 1861 - Skirmish near Fort Thorn, New Mexico Territory
  • September 26, 1861 - Skirmish at Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory
  • September 30-October 7 - Operations about Camp Robledo, New Mexico Territory
  • October 4, 1861 - Skirmish near Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory
• December 20, 1861-July 1, 1862 - The New Mexico Campaign

1862

• December 20, 1861-July 1, 1862 - The New Mexico Campaign
  • February 20, 1862 - Skirmish at Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory
  • February 21, 1862 - Engagement at Valverde, New Mexico Territory
  • March 2-4, 1862 - Evacuation of Albuquerque and Santa Fe, New Mexico Territory
  • March 3, 1862 - Capture of Cubero, New Mexico Territory
  • March 26, 1862 - Skirmish at Apache Canyon, New Mexico Territory
  • March 28, 1862 - Engagement at Glorietta Pass, New Mexico Territory
  • March 31, 1862 - Action at Comanche Pass, New Mexico Territory
  • April 8, 1862 - Skirmish at Albuquerque, New Mexico Territory
  • April 13-22, 1862 - Pursuit of Confederate Forces in New Mexico Territory
  • April 15, 1862 - Action at Peralta, New Mexico Territory
  • April 25, 1862 - Affair at Socorro, New Mexico Territory
  • May 21, 1862 - Affair at Paraje, New Mexico Territory
  • May 23, 1862 - Skirmish at Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory
• April 13-September 20, 1862 - Carleton's Expedition from Southern California through Arizona to New Mexico, Texas and Indian Territory (Dyer 690)
  • CALIFORNIA--1st Cavalry; 1st and 5th Infantry. UNITED STATES--Battery "A," 3d Arty.
• July 15, 1862 - Skirmish at Apache Canyon, New Mexico Territory
• October 9-November 25, 1862 - Expedition from Fort Union, New Mexico Territory

1863

• January 29, 1863 - Skirmish at Pinos Altos Mines, New Mexico Territory
• April 25, 1863 - Skirmish at Apache Pass, New Mexico Territory
• March 27, 1863 - Skirmish at Rio Bonito, New Mexico Territory
• May 7, 1863 - Skirmish at Cajou de Arivaypa, New Mexico Territory
• June 16, 1863 - Skirmish at Jornado del Muerto, New Mexico Territory
• June 20, 1863 - Skirmish at Fort McRae, New Mexico Territory
• July 7-August 19, 1863 - Operations against Navajo Indians in New Mexico Territory
  • July 10, 1863 - Skirmish at Cookes Canyon, New Mexico Territory
  • July 18, 1863 - Skirmish at Rio Hondo, New Mexico Territory
  • July 19, 1863 - Skirmish at Rio de las Animas, New Mexico Territory
  • July 24, 1863 - Skirmish at Cookes Canyon, New Mexico Territory
  • July 29, 1863 - Skirmish at Conchas Springs, New Mexico Territory
  • August 18, 1863 - Skirmish at Pueblo Colorado, New Mexico Territory
• August 20-December 16, 1863 - Operations against Navajo Indians in New Mexico Territory
  • September 15-October 5, 1863 - Scouts from Fort Wingate, New Mexico Territory
  • November 5, 1863 - Skirmish at Gila River, New Mexico Territory
  • December 11, 1863 - Skirmish at Reconde Mascaras, New Mexico Territory

1864

• January 4, 1864 - Skirmish at Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory
• January 5, 1864 - Action at Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory
• January 24, 1864 - Action at Pecos River, New Mexico Territory
• January 26, 1864 - Skirmish in the San Andres Mountains, New Mexico Territory
• January 6-21, 1864 - Operations against Navajo Indians in New Mexico Territory
• February 1-March 7, 1864 - Operations in New Mexico Territory and Arizona Territory
  • February 24-29, 1864 - Scout from Camp Mimbres, New Mexico Territory
    • February 27, 1864 - Skirmish at Pinos Altos, Arizona Territory
  • April 7, 1864 - Skirmish at the foot of Sierra Bonito, New Mexico Territory
  • April 15, 1864 - Skirmish at Spencer's Ranch, New Mexico Territory
• May 4, 1864 - Skirmish at Doubtful Canyon, New Mexico Territory
• May 4, 1864 - Skirmish at Spencer's Ranch, New Mexico Territory
• May 6-August 2, 1864 - Expedition from Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory to Fort Goodwin, Arizona Territory
• May 25-July 13, 1864 - Expedition from Fort Wingate, New Mexico Territory
• July 23-October 10, 1864 - Expedition to Southwestern New Mexico Territory
• August 3-November 4, 1864 - Scouts from Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory
  • August 26, 1864 - Skirmish in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico Territory
• August 4-September 15, 1864 - Scouts from Fort Union, New Mexico Territory
  • August 12, 1864 - Affair in the San Andres Mountains, New Mexico Territory
• September 18-November 5, 1864 - Scout in Northeastern New Mexico Territory
• September 18-October 5, 1864 - Scout on the Cimarron River, New Mexico Territory
• October 1-November 27, 1864 - Expedition from Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory to Fort Goodwin, Arizona Territory
• October 13-21, 1864 - Scout in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico Territory
• November 23-December 10, 1864 - Expedition from Fort Wingate, New Mexico Territory
• November 25, 1864 - Engagement at Adobe Fort, New Mexico Territory
• December 1, 1864 - Skirmish at Red River, New Mexico Territory

1865

• January 2-10, 1865 - Expedition from Fort Wingate, New Mexico Territory
• January 11-21, 1865 - Expedition from Fort Wingate, New Mexico Territory
• March 15-21, 1865 - Scout from Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory
• April 12-25, 1865 - Scout from Fort Stanton, New Mexico Territory
• April 28-May 13, 1865 - Scout from Fort Cummings, New Mexico Territory
• May 10-19, 1865 - Scout from Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory
• June 13-17, 1865 - Scout from Camp Nichols, New Mexico Territory
  • June 14, 1865 - Action on the Santa Fe Road, New Mexico Territory
• June 15-22, 1865 - Scout from Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory

Units from New Mexico

• Jesús Sandoval y Seña
  • Son of Miguel Sandoval and María Seña
  • Born: Abt. 1842 in Santa Fe, NM
  • Died: Mar. 20, 1898 in White Oaks, Lincoln County, NM
  • Notes: Jesus served in H Co. 1st New Mexico Cavalry, USA, Rank: in, Pvt. out, Sgt. Enlistment: Mar. 1, 1864 to Sept. 29, 1866, service 2yrs. 6mo. 8da. Co. H commanded by Capt. Juan Seña. See below.
  • http://lincolncountycousins.org/3fams-s/sandoval-jesus-maria-torres.htm

Cavalry

• 1st New Mexico Cavalry
• 1st New Mexico Cavalry / Infantry Battalion
• Mink's (Independent) Cavalry Company
• (I) Graydon's (Independent) Cavalry Company / (II) Graydon's (Independent) Cavalry Company
• Haspell's (Independent) Cavalry Company
• Vidal's (Independent) Cavalry Company

Infantry

• (I) 1st New Mexico Infantry / (II) 1st New Mexico Infantry
• 2nd New Mexico Infantry
• 3rd New Mexico (Mounted) Infantry
• 4th New Mexico Infantry
• 5th New Mexico Infantry

Militia

• 1st New Mexico Militia Infantry
• Perea's Militia Battalion
• Perea's (Independent) Militia Company
• Alarid's (Independent) Militia Company
• Duran's (Independent) Militia Company
• Gonzales' (Independent) Militia Company
• Mora (Independent) Militia Company
• Romero's (Independent) Militia / Company A
• 1st New Mexico Militia / Company A
• Simpson's (Independent) Mounted Spies and Guides Company
• Tafolla's (Independent) Militia Company
• Vigil's (Independent) Militia Company

Casualties from New Mexico

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Sources

• Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. The Dyer Publishing Company (Des Moine, 1908). (Pages 1366-1367)
• ATLAS PLATE 98 - p.236-237 - full page spread: Military Department of New Mexico
• New Mexico American History and Genealogy Project